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Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Procedure, Recovery, and Results

What Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

Endoscopic sinus surgery is a modern ENT surgery. Doctors use a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope to see inside your nose and sinuses. This surgery helps treat sinus problems that do not get better with medicine. Often, it is called minimally invasive because there are no large cuts. Instead, the surgeon works through your nostrils. As a result, recovery is usually faster and less painful than older methods. Many people choose endoscopic sinus surgery for lasting relief from sinus issues.

Who Needs Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

Not everyone with sinus problems needs surgery. However, some people benefit more than others. You may need endoscopic sinus surgery if:

  • You have chronic sinus infections that do not improve with medicine.
  • Your nose is blocked due to polyps or swelling.
  • You have sinus pain or pressure that will not go away.
  • Other treatments, like sprays or antibiotics, have not helped.
  • You have a sinus problem that affects your breathing or quality of life.

    • Sometimes, your ENT doctor may suggest this surgery if you have a growth or tumor in your sinuses. In any case, your doctor will check your symptoms and medical history before recommending surgery.

    The Procedure: Step-by-Step

    Knowing what happens during endoscopic sinus surgery can help you feel calm. Here is a simple step-by-step guide:

  • First, you receive anesthesia to keep you comfortable. This may be local or general, depending on your case.
  • Next, the surgeon gently inserts the endoscope into your nostril. The camera gives a clear view of the sinus area.
  • Then, small surgical tools are used to remove blockages, polyps, or swollen tissue.
  • The surgeon may also open narrow sinus passages to help air and mucus flow better.
  • Finally, the tools and endoscope are removed. There are no cuts on your face or outside your nose.

    • Most surgeries take one to two hours. Because it is less invasive, many people go home the same day.

    Recovery: What to Expect

    After endoscopic sinus surgery, recovery is usually smooth. Still, you may have mild discomfort. Here is what you can expect:

  • Some bleeding or drainage from your nose for a few days.
  • Stuffy nose or mild pain, which often improves in a week.
  • Most people return to work or school within a week.
  • Full healing may take several weeks, but you should feel better each day.

    • Your doctor will give you aftercare instructions. For example, you may need to use nasal sprays or rinse your nose with salt water. Avoid blowing your nose hard or doing heavy exercise for a short time. If you have any concerns, call your doctor right away.

    Results and Long-Term Outlook

    Many people notice big improvements after endoscopic sinus surgery. In fact, studies show that most patients have fewer sinus infections and less pain. Breathing often becomes easier, and quality of life improves. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology, the success rate is high for this type of sinus surgery. However, results can vary. Some people may need more treatment later, especially if they have severe allergies or other health issues. Risks are low, but possible problems include infection, bleeding, or scar tissue. Your doctor will discuss these risks before surgery.

    Tips for a Smooth Recovery

    Good care after surgery helps you heal faster. Try these tips for a smooth recovery:

  • Follow your doctor’s instructions closely.
  • Use nasal sprays or rinses as directed.
  • Rest and avoid heavy lifting for a few days.
  • Keep your head raised when sleeping to reduce swelling.
  • Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.
  • Do not smoke, as it can slow healing.
  • Attend all follow-up visits with your ENT doctor.

    • If you notice heavy bleeding, fever, or severe pain, contact your doctor right away.

    Frequently Asked Questions

  • Is endoscopic sinus surgery painful?
  • Most people feel mild pain or pressure, but medicine can help. Discomfort usually goes away in a few days.
  • How long does recovery take?
  • Most people feel better within a week. Full healing may take a few weeks.
  • Are there risks?
  • Risks are low, but problems like infection or bleeding can happen. Your doctor will explain these before surgery.
  • Will I need more surgery?
  • Many people do not need more surgery. However, some may need further treatment if sinus problems return.
  • Can I return to normal activities quickly?
  • Yes, most people return to work or school within a week. Always follow your doctor’s advice.

    • Consult an ENT specialist for personalized advice on endoscopic sinus surgery.